老人與海的主要內(nèi)容介紹

　　《老人與海》是美國作家海明威于1951年在古巴寫的一篇中篇小說，于1952年出版。下面是小編整理的老人與海的主要內(nèi)容介紹，歡迎大家閱讀學(xué)習(xí)。

　　內(nèi)容簡介

　　《老人與�！饭适碌谋尘笆窃诙�十世紀(jì)中葉的古巴。主人公是一位名叫圣地亞哥的老漁夫，配角是一個(gè)叫馬諾林的小孩。風(fēng)燭殘年的老漁夫一連八十四天都沒有釣到一條魚，但他仍不肯認(rèn)輸，而是充滿著奮斗的精神，終于在第八十五天釣到一條身長十八尺，體重一千五百磅的大馬林魚。大魚拖著船往海里走，老人依然死拉著不放，即使沒有水，沒有食物，沒有武器，沒有助手，左手抽筋，他也絲毫不灰心。

　　經(jīng)過兩天兩夜之后，他終于殺死大魚，把它拴在船邊。但許多鯊魚立刻前來搶奪他的戰(zhàn)利品。他一一地殺死它們，到后來只剩下一支折斷的舵柄作為武器。結(jié)果，大魚仍難逃被吃光的命運(yùn)，終于，老人筋疲力盡地拖回一副魚骨頭。他回到家躺在床上，只好從夢中去尋回那往日美好的歲月，以忘卻殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

　　精彩選段

　　He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four

　　days now without taking a fish.In the first forty days a boy had been with him.But after forty days without a fish the boy’s parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally salao,which is the worst form of unlucky,and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week.It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that was furled around the mast.The sail was patched with flour sacks and,furled,it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.

　　The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck.The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks.The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords.But none of these scars were fresh.They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert.

　　Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.

　　“Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the skiff was hauled up.

　　“I could go with you again.We’ve made some money.”

　　The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

　　“No,” the old man said.“You’re with a lucky boat.Stay with them.”

　　“But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones

　　every day for three weeks.”

　　“I remember,” the old man said.“I know you did not leave me because you doubted.”

　　“It was papa made me leave.I am a boy and I must obey him.”

　　“I know,” the old man said.“It is quite normal.”

　　“He hasn’t much faith.”

　　“No,” the old man said.“But we have.Haven’t we?“

　　‘Yes,” the boy said.“Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we’ll take the stuff home.”

　　“Why not?” the old man said.“Between fishermen.”

　　They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry.Others,of the older fishermen,looked at him and were sad.But they did not show it and they spoke politely about the current and the depths they had drifted their lines at and the steady good weather and of what they had seen.The successful fishermen of that day were already in and had butchered their marlin out and carried them laid full length across two planks,with two men staggering at the end of each plank,to the fish house where they waited for the ice truck to carry them to the market in Havana.Those who had caught sharks had taken them to the shark factory on the other side of the cove where they were hoisted on a block and tackle,their livers removed,their fins cut off and their hides skinned out and their flesh cut into strips for salting.

　　When the wind was in the east a smell came across the harbour from the shark factory; but

　　today there was only the faint edge of the odour because the wind had backed into the north

　　and then dropped off and it was pleasant and sunny on the Terrace.

　　老人與海的英文經(jīng)典語句

　　1.But a man is not made for defeat.A man can be destroyed but not defeated

　　人不是生來要給打敗的，你盡可把他消滅掉，可就是打不敗他。

　　2.It is silly not to hope,he thought.

　　人不抱希望是很傻的。

　　3.Now is no time to think of what you do not have.Think of what you can do with what there is.

　　現(xiàn)在不是去想缺少什么的時(shí)候，該想一想憑現(xiàn)有的東西你能做什么。

　　4.They were strange shoulders,still powerful although very old,and the neck was still strong too and the creases did not show so much when the old man was asleep and his head fallen forward.

　　這兩個(gè)肩膀挺怪，人非常老邁了，肩膀卻依然很強(qiáng)健，脖子也依然很壯實(shí)，而且當(dāng)老人睡著了，腦袋向前耷拉著的時(shí)候，皺紋也不大明顯了。

　　5.An hour later he sighted the first shark.It was a fierce Mako,and it came in fast to slash with raking teethat the dead marlin.With failing might the old man struck the shark with his harpoon.The Mako rolled and sank,carrying the harpoon with it and leaving the marlin mutilated and bloody.

　　一個(gè)小時(shí)以后，他瞧見了第一條鯊魚。這是一條兇猛的尖吻鯖鯊。它飛快地游了過來，用耙一樣的牙齒撕這條死馬林魚。老人用盡余力把魚叉往鯊魚身上扎去。尖吻鯖鯊打著滾沉下去了，帶走了魚叉，而且已經(jīng)把馬林魚咬得殘缺不全，鮮血直流。

　　6.When the third appeared,he thrust at it with the knife,only to feel the blade snap as the fish rolled.

　　當(dāng)?shù)谌龡l鯊魚出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他把刀子向鯊魚戳去。鯊魚打了一個(gè)滾，結(jié)果把刀給折斷了。

　　7.But the old man thought only of his steering and his great tiredness.He had gone out too far and the sharks had beaten him.He knew they would leave him nothing but the stripped skeleton of his great catch.

　　老人此時(shí)想到的只是掌舵，和他自己極度的疲乏。他出海太遠(yuǎn)了，那些鯊魚把他打敗了。他知道那些鯊魚除了大馬林魚的空骨架之外，是什么也不會(huì)給他留下的。

　　8.“ Fish,” he said softly,aloud,“ I'll stay with you until I am dead.”

　　“魚，”他柔和地說著，卻很響亮 ，“我會(huì)一直陪伴你直至我死去�！�

　　創(chuàng)作背景

　　《老人與海》《老人與�！愤@本小說是根據(jù)真人真事寫的。第一次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，海明威移居古巴，認(rèn)識了老漁民格雷戈里奧·富恩特斯。1930年，海明威乘的船在暴風(fēng)雨中沉沒，富恩特斯搭救了海明威。從此，海明威與富恩特斯結(jié)下了深厚的友誼，并經(jīng)常一起出海捕魚。

　　1936年，富恩特斯出海很遠(yuǎn)捕到了一條大魚，但由于這條魚太大，在海上拖了很長時(shí)間，結(jié)果在歸程中被鯊魚襲擊，回來時(shí)只剩下了一副骨架。

　　1936年4月，海明威在《鄉(xiāng)紳》雜志上發(fā)表了一篇名為“碧水之上：海灣來信”的散文，其中一段記敘了一位老人獨(dú)自駕著小船出海捕魚，捉到一條巨大的大馬林魚，但魚的大部分被鯊魚吃掉的故事。當(dāng)時(shí)這件事就給了海明威很深的觸動(dòng)，并覺察到它是很好的小說素材，但卻一直也沒有機(jī)會(huì)動(dòng)筆寫它！

　　1950年圣誕節(jié)后不久，海明威產(chǎn)生了極強(qiáng)的創(chuàng)作欲，在古巴哈瓦那郊區(qū)的別墅“觀景社”，他開始動(dòng)筆寫《老人與海》（起初名為《現(xiàn)有的�！罚�。到1951年2月23日就完成了初稿，前后僅用了八周。4月份海明威把手稿送給去古巴訪問他的友人們傳閱，博得了一致的贊美。

　　作品影響

　　《老人與海》是海明威晚年的作品，憑借這部作品，他榮獲1953年的普利策獎(jiǎng)和1954年度的諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。同時(shí)該書也被評為影響歷史的百部經(jīng)典之一；美國歷史上里程碑式的32本書之一；1986年法國《讀書》雜志推薦的理想藏書，48小時(shí)內(nèi)賣出530萬本，銷量曾排名第一。

　　《老人與�！愤@部小說是海明威最滿意的作品之一，是海明威個(gè)人世界觀和人生觀的結(jié)晶，是20世紀(jì)歐洲文壇最具影響力的小說之一，對促進(jìn)歐洲文學(xué)的發(fā)展有著長足的影響。

　　2020年4月，列入《教育部基礎(chǔ)教育課程教材發(fā)展中心 中小學(xué)生閱讀指導(dǎo)目錄（2020年版）》。

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